Opioid tolerance develops as a learned response to drug-associated cues and is thus a dynamic effect modulated by the interaction between drug and environment.
This review describes the indications for opioid therapy in patients in the intensive care unit, mechanisms of opioid tolerance, and current and potential mitigation strategies for opioid tolerance.
Repeated exposure to opioids causes tolerance, which limits their analgesic utility and contributes to overdose and abuse liability. However, the molecular mechanisms underpinning tolerance are not...
Abstract. Differential opioid tolerance (different degrees and speed of tolerance to various opioid side effects) and opioid-induced hyperalgesia (increased pain with escalating doses of opioids) p...
While it is generally agreed that tolerance to opioid analgesia does occur, it does not appear to be a limiting factor. Dose escalation in chronic pain therapy is considered to be...
Tolerance and overdoses Fatal opioid overdose typically occurs due to bradypnea, hypoxemia, and decreased cardiac output (hypotension occurs due to vasodilation, and bradycardia further...
Repeated exposure to opioids causes tolerance, which limits their analgesic utility and contributes to overdose and abuse liability. However, the molecular mechanisms underpinning tolerance are not...
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reversed Morphine Tolerance and Opioid-induced Hyperalgesia. by Zhen Hua, LiPing Liu, Jun Shen, Kathleen Cheng, Aijun Liu, Jing Yang, Lina Wang, Tingyu Qu, HongNa Yang, Yan L...
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Opioid tolerance, a phenomenon characterized by decreased analgesic effects obtained by the same dos